Cement is known to humanity since time immemorial and was used by the ancient Egyptians. Over the past millennia, many varieties of this material have been developed, because the masters of each country used raw materials that were located in the area, and this raw materials differed in various characteristics from raw materials from other regions of the planet. Cement plants have their own fields of clay and limestone, so Russian cement will differ significantly from, for example, of English or German. And even to the question “How to make cement?”Different masters will give you many variable tips. To bring the characteristics of different cements to unified norms and requirements, a marking was developed and introduced, which denotes the technological characteristics of the material. What are these characteristics?
Property 1: The main property of modern cement is frost resistance. This characteristic indicates the ability of the material to freeze and defrost depending on the time of year and weather conditions. Frost resistance is achieved by adding various modifying additives to the cement mixture. Determine how frosted cement is helped by generally accepted marking.
Property 2: corrosion resistance is determined by the ability to withstand environmental influences. The highest indicators here are puzzolanic cement used in the construction of underground and underwater structures.
Property 3: Cement sulfate resistance provides resistance to salty water containing sulfate ions. Cement sulfate -resistant is used on the construction of hydraulic controls that have direct contact and exposure to salty water.
Property 4: Waterproof expanding cement has the highest water resistance rates. Such cement grabs in 10 minutes and is used to seal joints and seams in reinforced concrete structures located in water. Water resistance provides a significantly higher price.
Property 5: by the brand indicated on the packaging, you can find out the strength of the cement. To increase this indicator, gypsum or chopped slag is added to the mixture.
Property 6: Another important property, which, among other things, affects the term of hardening and the strength of cement is the subtlety of grinding. It is believed that cement is more stronger than thinner grinding. However, too subtle grinding does not at all provide the highest strength characteristics, on the contrary, the effect is completely opposite. The thinness of the grinding depends on the equipment used in production.