Increasingly, people abandon the standard heating system and prefer more advanced analogues. This topic can be discussed endlessly, but still the majority claims that the presence of a warm floor in the apartment ensures the correct distribution of temperature ranges relative to the height of the dwelling. That is, at the level of the legs, the temperature is higher, and at the level of the respiratory organs lower, so that the air does not overdry and irritate the nasopharynx. We will not be cunning, everyone has encountered such a problem. In addition, the classic heating system involves the presence of batteries (radiators), which are very difficult to “comb” for the overall interior. To solve these problems, such types of warm floors as electric and water.
Pay attention! Warm floor with your own hands, whether it is water or electric implies the use of the correct connection scheme, which is the key to uniform heating not only the floor, it and the entire room to the required temperature.
Water floor pipes location
Properly arranged water heating, if necessary, can completely replace the naval heating system
Water warm floor in the apartment is a certain system of pipes located under the floor covering. For such a pipeline, a liquid coolant (usually water), heating the room, circulates under pressure. The main advantage of this kind of warm floors over electric counterparts is efficiency. For heating water, they usually use:
natural gas boilers;
boilers – on solid fuel (firewood, coal), are most convenient for operation in villages and suburban settlements;
warm pumps that extract heat from the environment.
Attention! The work of warm pumps with a centralized heat supply system is strictly prohibited. A warm pump implies the presence of a stable temperature regime, the absence of which threatens the pumping of the pump and further route of the heating system in the apartment.
The purpose of creating warm floors is to ensure uniform heating of the entire floor surface. In this case, it is necessary to take into account the fact that when the coolant moves through the pipes, it is a gradual cooling. How to lay pipes correctly, and what schemes of their styling are, consider below.
Snail
The name itself determines the laying of pipes with a spiral, but unusual, and in two rows. The trick of this method is that the input pipe goes along the spiral to the center of the room, from where it returns back. In this case, the turns of the reverse heat supply are laid between the turns of the direct. As a result, hot pipes will alternate with cooled, so that the hottest section of the system is next to the coldest. It is such an engineering technique that provides uniform heating of the floor and room. “Snail” is often used in rooms with a large area, due to its effectiveness.
Snake
Intercessor heating pie diagram
By the location of the pipes, this method is similar to the previous one, but the difference is a cardinal – the entrance and output of the system, are at the beginning and at the end of the room, respectively. Moreover, the further the coolant moves from the “entrance”, the colder it becomes. The “snake” is most applicable to the premises of small volume – bathroom, kitchen or small bedroom. An important condition is the beginning of the installation of pipes on the street side of the room, this will compensate for the temperature difference.
Double snake or meander
This methodology for laying pipes is something between two of the above two methods. In this case, the pipe is mounted along the area of the room in the form of a snake with a fairly large distance between neighboring turns. The return of the reverse pipeline does not occur in the shortest way, but on the contrary, it is laid parallel to the existing turns of direct feed. Such a scheme is not so much popular as a snail, but more effective in rooms with an inclined floor, since the “snake” is less prone to the formation of fanned areas.
Important! To ensure the maximum effect, the length of the pipeline of the future warm floor should not exceed a length of 100 m.
If the room is too large, then several heating contours are used, which are connected through a special distribution collector. Also, in addition to your well -being, it is necessary to think a little about the neighbors, since if the warm floor is incorrectly connect to the centralized heating system, there will be a lot of heat loss and the next apartment will be cold. Therefore, the warm floor in the apartment with your own hands is a big responsibility.
Electric Warm Paul – Features of Connection
The electric warm floor is mainly used as a short -term off -season heating and is turned on a few weeks before the launch of the main heating system, depending on weather temperature indicators.
Its main advantages include
Relatively low cost.
High installation speed and ease of operation.
Lack of contact with liquid coolants (the possibility of a breakthrough is excluded).
Minimum climb up.
There are also disadvantages
An electromagnetic field that negatively affects human health, although all manufacturers of warm electric floors, that this parameter is within normal limits. For full security, it is necessary to use additional shielding, and this is extra costs.
Increased load on intra -apartment livestock elements (wires).
High cost of electricity.
Electric warm floor – easy to install
Used cables
Already according to one name “electric warm floor in the apartment” it is clear that the main element of such a system is a special current -forced cable with high resistance, which leads to heating the cable and release heat. This key element is laid by a snake, and the connection diagram depends on its type:
One -core resistive cable is the easiest type of cable in design, and therefore the cheapest. It is presented in the form of a vein along which the current flows, and due to the high internal resistance of the conductor, electricity is transformed into heat. A feature of such a cable and at the same time the disadvantage is the need to connect to the network of both ends of the conductor, which is not always possible.
Two -core resistive cable – differs from the previous analogue, the presence of another vein, which eliminates the need for bilateral connection to the network. An important point when using such a cable is that its styling in rooms with heavy furniture is not recommended. Since with mechanical effects on the conductor, its compression and increase in resistance occurs. And this is a direct path to overheating with further exit from the system of the entire system;
Self -regulating cable – a special polymer coupling is heated, which increases the reliability of the warm floor, but naturally increases the cost of the entire insulation procedure.
The distance between the turns is selected in accordance with the required heating floor and the capacity of the cable used. After laying the live parts, it is necessary to correctly mount the temperature sensor that will monitor the floor temperature and maintain it in a given range. To protect the sensor from the screed solution, a corrugated tube is usually used and increase the insulation of the connection places with the system. The sensor must be laid between the turns of the current -pissing cable no further than 1 meter from the wall, and a piece of the wire connecting the thermostat with the sensor is carefully laid in the strobe.
Underfloor
The underfloor heating substrate of any type should comply with fire safety standards
The selection of a substrate for a warm floor, of course, is the same important moment as the installation of the heating system itself. Naturally, the substrates for electric and water floors differ, but of course they are united by high thermal insulation ability. For an electric floor, it is extremely necessary to use a foil -based substrate, which will additionally film the heating system and increase the reflectivity of heat into the room, and not on the ceiling of the neighbors from below. For water floors, all other types of substrates, insulation and heat insulators are applicable. With the right choice of a substrate, it can still play the role of a sound insulator well, which will give more comfort not only the room, but also the apartment as a whole. The main criterion, in addition to thermal insulation, which should have a substrate for an electric floor, is the impossibility of ignition, since when the insulation is chopped, a short circuit is close, accompanied by an electric arc, the temperature of which reaches several thousand degrees. Therefore, the substrate should have the ability to arise, and the thermal attemptor will identify the problem area with increased heat release.
Observing all the norms and rules when installing warm floors, you can survive any winter in warmth and comfort, even if you outside the window of crackling frosts.