As a rule, before deciding on the construction of an individual residential building, a person carefully calculates all the advantages and disadvantages of construction. On the one hand, you can buy a ready -made building and it will be less unprofitable. On the other hand, picking up the finished building is completely suitable for the personality personally very problematic. But if you design the house with your own hand, this problem is solved automatically. So, where does construction begin? Of course, there is a laying of the foundation, which should become a strong and high -quality basis of the house itself. For the right choice of the type of foundation, it is necessary to clearly understand what kind of building will be, how many floors will be in it, from which building material the walls will be erected and so on.
Two large groups are distinguished by the construction of the house. These are houses made of stone and a house made of wood or on a wooden basis.
Houses made of stone, brick or concrete, as a rule, are durable and have a large mass. Therefore, the foundation for such a structure should be made of heavy material. Walls erected from hollow brick or expanded clay concrete blocks need a less massive foundation. Such houses have a good microclimate and are recommended for construction in any climatic zones.
Woods made of wood are characterized by small mass, ease of processing and erection. Their main advantage is a wonderful microclimate, and significant disadvantages are the danger of fire and exposure to rot.
The project is required to build a house. It can be typical or special. A standard project can be purchased at design institutes or in publishers that produce specialized construction literature. But if the construction site has any relief features, it is worth developing a special project taking into account these features.
Attic
On the one hand, the attic is considered an attribute of respectability, and on the other hand, is an additional living area of a comfortable house. When remaking properly, the attic can become an additional living room, rest room, or even a winter garden.
It should be noted that such a restructuring will necessarily enhance the load on the foundation and the supporting structures. Therefore, it is necessary to start by strengthening the ceiling using wooden beams and metal structures. Unreliable supports are replaced by steel, and then they are deepened into the insulating layer so that they do not serve the conductions of the cold.
Sometimes, in the living room, supports are installed, which later become decorative elements of the design of the room. However, they cut the room itself. You can replace the supports by enhancing the axis of the gams with profile elements – the channel. And other wood fortifications are placed within the walls or under them.
If there is a desire and the ability to equip a winter garden in the attic, it is worth using thermal -insulated aluminum structures.
Heating in a rebuilt attic is centralized from the boiler room.
At the design stage, it is worth providing for large attic windows. They will give the premises additional beauty. Sunlight will enter the room through these windows, moreover, with their help you can ventilate the room. The attic window is much more profitable than vertical. Its installation needs less time and materials than a vertical. They have good heat and soundproofing properties. If the area of attic windows is subtracted from the area of the reduced walls of the attic, then you can significantly save on insulating and roofing materials.