In the construction of the facades of buildings, they play a very important role – they provide protection of the supporting structures of the outer walls from the negative influence of the external environment, due to this, the life of the buildings increases. The facades are able to prevent many problems: it does not allow moisture to penetrate the middle of buildings, ensures the evaporation of water from the room, acts as a heat -insulating ball.
The basic requirements for facades are the ability to withstand the negative impact of the environment (ultraviolet radiation, temperature differences, moisture, weathing). In order for the facade to perform its functions, it is necessary even before the construction of the construction to take the design of the building as a whole. So, the roof should protrude over the building, which will protect the facade, windows and doors from the pernicious effect of moisture. Properly carried out facade work on the basement will perfectly protect the building from the influence of groundwater.
For horizontal protrusions, it is necessary to provide a bevel and a gutter along which rainwater will drain. The choice of materials directly depends on the type of construction and environmental conditions. In unstable climatic conditions, it is reasonable to use wood with durable wood, which increase thermal insulation and do not allow the walls to get wet.
External cladding is used for maximum thermal insulation of buildings, for this an additional layer of thermal insulation is required, consisting of cardboard or artificial film. Such a facade allows the building to “breathe” and at the same time moisture outside does not penetrate the middle of the room. In addition, the facade will be able to save from the occurrence of drafts, and, consequently, from the loss of heat. From here it follows another name of the layer – windproofing.
When finishing or repairing the facade of wooden houses, various materials are used – natural stones, wood, plaster. As a rule, the windproofing layer is attached to the foundations of wood modules without holes. Stone cladding and a wind -insulating layer should not be in close contact with each other, so there is always a hole of more than 4 cm wide between them, which serves for ventilation, even with a double insulation layer. Facade work provides for fixing with pins every 25 cm cladding of the foundation on wood -based structures. At the same time, for ventilation of the niche between bricks and a wood structure to remain, the seams of the bricks of the two lower rows are not shut on the joints. In the upper part of the building, the ventilation occurs due to the hole left between the roof and the wall with a hole., which is covered with a grate.
To use mineral plaster, designs of several layers are needed, in this case, the windproofing layer will be inappropriate. To strengthen cladding on wood buildings, light boards are used, consisting of wood wool. For cladding with two -layer plaster (construction solution, external waterproof ball), a galvanized wire mesh is taken as the base.
When conducting facade work from gunt and concrete slabs, it is necessary to carry out additional cladding above the vectorizolating layer. In this case, the casing must be attached with vertically located 24 mm strips, and on top of the horizontally placed 30 mm strips. The size of the gont or concrete walls determines the distance that is between the horizontally placed strips.
The repair of the facade is quite a painstaking business, therefore, in order to delay it for many years, you should skillfully protect the external decoration from the negative influences of the environment. Long -term influence of rainwater, winter frosts usually pass without consequences if, during the facade work for surface processing, only high -quality chemical protective equipment is taken.
An unnecessary facade made of wood after time is stained with silver-gray paint, on top of which you can apply a layer of glaze or acrylic paint.